• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a turbomachine combustion assembly, comprising: - a casing, - a fuel combustion chamber, disposed in the casing, the combustion chamber comprising two walls of revolution respectively internal and external (12) extending l one inside the other and being connected by a chamber bottom wall, and at least one pre-vaporization rod (30) extending into the combustion chamber from the outer wall (12) thereof. ci, the assembly being characterized in that the pre-vaporization rod (30 is mounted on the housing and enters the combustion chamber through an opening (14) formed in the outer wall thereof. also relates to a turbomachine comprising such an assembly.
    公开号:FR3013805A1
    申请号:FR1361653
    申请日:2013-11-26
    公开日:2015-05-29
    发明作者:Jean Pierre Badet；Cedric Toulouse；Nicolas Savary
    申请人:Turbomeca SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] FIELD OF THE INVENTION The field of the invention is that of fuel combustion assemblies, comprising a combustion chamber of the type of pre-vaporization rods, arranged in a housing.
    [0002] STATE OF THE ART Referring to Figure 1, a turbomachine conventionally comprising a combustion assembly comprising a casing, in which is disposed a combustion chamber.
    [0003] The combustion chamber 10 comprises two walls of revolution respectively internal 11 and outer 12 extending one inside the other, and connected by an annular bottom wall of chamber 13. The housing 20 also comprises a wall outer ring 22, said outer ring, extending around the combustion chamber, and to which is fixed the outer wall thereof. When the combustion chamber is of the type of pre-vaporization rods, the combustion assembly further comprises at least one pre-vaporization rod 30, associated with a fuel injector 40 called "main injector".
    [0004] A main injector injects fuel once the combustion within the chamber has already been initiated by another type of injector called "starter injector". The pre-vaporization rod comprises a duct opening inside the combustion chamber, and inside which opens a main injector.
    [0005] When the combustion takes place in the chamber, the walls of the pre-vaporization rod heat, and the fuel sprayed on these walls by the injector is evaporated on their contact and mixes with a calibrated air flow at the inlet of the cane before igniting in the combustion chamber at the outlet of the cane. The pre-vaporization rod is itself fixed to the combustion chamber, at the level of the outer wall or the bottom wall of the chamber thereof, and enters the combustion chamber through an opening made in the chamber. wall.
    [0006] Pre-vaporization rods have many advantages; in particular, they have a low production cost, a high combustion efficiency and eliminate any instabilities of combustion. However, the lifespan of rods is limited in operation because they evolve in an aggressive environment. Indeed, the rods are immersed in the flow and thus undergo high temperatures but can also be exposed to oxidation-corrosion phenomena in contact with the air-fuel gas mixture that passes through them. However, because the rods are fixed on the combustion chamber, their replacement requires dismantling the turbomachine in which the combustion assembly is disposed, and to deposit the combustion chamber in a repair center. The damage of the pre-vaporization rods therefore involve high maintenance and production costs, and forced immobilization of the turbomachine with each maintenance requirement. PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION An object of the invention is to overcome at least one problem mentioned above, by providing an injection assembly comprising a combustion chamber and at least one pre-vaporization rod whose maintenance is facilitated. In particular, an object of the invention is to provide an injection assembly allowing simplified access to the pre-vaporization rods. In this regard, the invention relates to a turbomachine combustion assembly, comprising: - a housing, - a fuel combustion chamber, disposed in the housing, the combustion chamber comprising two walls of revolution respectively internal and external s extending one inside the other and being connected by a bottom wall of a chamber, and - at least one pre-vaporization rod, extending into the combustion chamber, the assembly being characterized in that the pre-vaporization rod is mounted on the housing and enters the combustion chamber through an opening made in the outer wall thereof.
    [0007] Advantageously, but optionally, the combustion assembly according to the invention may further comprise at least one of the following characteristics: the pre-vaporization rod is removably mounted on the casing. the casing comprises a shell provided with an opening facing the opening of the outer wall of the combustion chamber, and a tubular boss attached to said shell around the opening, and in which the pre-vaporization rod is attached; on the boss and extends through the opening of the shell of the housing. - The assembly further comprises a fuel injector opening into the pre-vaporization rod, and wherein the pre-vaporization rod comprises a base attached to the boss, and the fuel injector comprises a plate attached to the base of the cane of pre-vaporization, and an injection conduit extending into the cane. - The pre-vaporization rod comprises a wall extending between the shell of the housing and the outer wall of the combustion chamber, said wall of the rod comprising at least one air intake port. - The injection pipe of the injector extends in the pre-vaporization rod beyond the or air intake ports, to prevent the injection of fuel out of the cane. - The pre-vaporization rod opens into the combustion chamber by at least one nozzle directed towards the bottom wall of the chamber. - The assembly further comprises a sealing ring, disposed between the pre-vaporization rod and an edge of the opening of the wall of the combustion chamber, the ring being adapted to seal the combustion chamber at the level of said opening. - The sealing ring is mounted with clearance on the outer wall of the combustion chamber, and comprises an annular plate extending around the pre-vaporization rod, the pre-vaporization rod being rotatably mounted on said annular platen.
    [0008] The invention also relates to a turbomachine comprising a combustion assembly according to the foregoing description. The proposed combustion assembly allows easy access to the pre-vaporization rods by the housing, which simplifies maintenance operations, since in particular it is no longer necessary to remove the combustion chamber to be able to replace or repair the rods. Pre-vaporization. DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Other characteristics, objects and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description which follows, which is purely illustrative and nonlimiting, and which should be read with reference to the appended drawings in which: FIG. 1, already described , is a partial view of a combustion assembly of the state of the art. - Figures 2a to 2c show partial views of a combustion assembly according to different embodiments of the invention. - Figure 3 shows a detail of embodiment of a combustion assembly according to one embodiment of the invention. - Figure 4 schematically shows a turbomachine comprising such a combustion assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AT LEAST ONE EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION With reference to FIG. 4, there is shown a turbine engine T comprising a combustion assembly 1. This combustion assembly, which is partially represented in FIGS. 2a to 2c and 3, comprises a combustion chamber 10, comprising two walls of revolution respectively inner 11 and outer 12 extending one inside the other, and being interconnected by an annular wall 13 of the chamber bottom.
    [0009] The combustion assembly 1 further comprises a casing 20, in which the combustion chamber is arranged. The housing 20 comprises an outer shell 22, which is a wall of revolution extending around the combustion chamber 10, the latter being fixed on the shell 22, at its outer wall 12.
    [0010] In addition, the combustion assembly 1 comprises at least one, and preferably a plurality of pre-vaporization rods 30. The pre-vaporization rods are preferably 4 to 20 in number, and distributed regularly, that is to say advantageously at constant angular intervals around the circumference of the combustion chamber. Each pre-vaporization rod 30 comprises a tubular wall 31 forming a duct 32 extending inside the combustion chamber 10, and opening therein through at least one endpiece 33. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3c (This element having been omitted in the other figures), a fuel injector 40 extends in the conduit 32 of each pre-vaporization rod and opens into said conduit 32 for injecting fuel therein. As explained above, the fuel is projected by the injector 40 against the wall 31 of the rod, which is heated by the combustion taking place in the combustion chamber. In contact with the wall, the fuel vaporizes and mixes with air coming from one or more orifices 35 made in the wall 31 of the cane, between the outer shell 22 of the casing 20 and the outer wall 12 of the chamber of combustion. Several orifice arrangements 35 on the wall 31 of the cane have been shown in FIGS. 2a to 2c; the preferred arrangement is selected depending on the use of the cane 30 and its need for air. The air-fuel mixture enters the combustion chamber through the tip (s) 33 of the pre-vaporization rod 30. Advantageously, each rod has two endpieces 33, to maximize the flow of air-fuel mixture injected into the chamber. In addition, each nozzle 33 is preferably oriented towards the chamber bottom wall 13 to maximize the combustion of the mixture in the chamber and thus the energy efficiency of the turbomachine in which this assembly is disposed. Thus, among the embodiments of the pre-vaporization rod represented in FIGS. 2a to 2c, that of FIG. 2c is a preferred embodiment since it has two endpieces arranged at an equal distance from the injector 40, allowing the flow rates fuel injected by the two ends are homogeneous. In addition, the two ends 33 are oriented towards the chamber bottom wall 13, allowing good combustion of the injected fuel.
    [0011] Returning to FIGS. 2a to 2c and 3, each pre-vaporization rod 30 is mounted on the outer shell 22 of the casing 20, and penetrates inside the combustion chamber 10 through an opening 14 made in the outer wall 12 of it.
    [0012] Preferably, each pre-vaporization rod 30 is mounted on the outer side of the outer shell 22 of the casing 20. This allows access to the pre-vaporization rod, for example to repair or replace it, by the outside of the casing, without have to dismount it or the combustion chamber. The pre-vaporization rod 30 thus penetrates inside the housing by means of an opening 24 made in its outer shell 22, the opening 24 preferably being opposite the opening 14 of the wall of the combustion chamber, to facilitate the insertion and removal of a pre-vaporization rod, the conduit 32 extending generally rectilinearly. Each pre-vaporization rod 30 is preferably mounted on the shell 22 of the housing removably, for example by bolting or screwing. Thus it makes it easy to remove a cane to replace, repair or clean. In this regard, to avoid weakening the structure of the housing and to limit any risk of leakage at this level, the housing 20 comprises a boss 23 attached to the shell 22 around the opening 24, the outer side c that is to say opposite to the side where the combustion chamber is located, the boss being preferably cylindrical and of identical section to the section of the opening 24, so as to form with the opening 24 a duct in which is inserted the pre-vaporization cane.
    [0013] To mount the pre-vaporization rod 30 on the casing 20, it comprises a base 34 mounted on the boss 23, advantageously in a removable manner, for example by bolting or screwing, as indicated above. Finally, the fuel injector 40 comprises a plate 41 and an injection pipe 42, the plate 41 being attached to the base 34 of the pre-vaporization rod 30, preferably also removably, for example by screwing or bolting. Thus, no drilling is performed in the shell 22 of the housing 20. As shown in Figure 2c, the injection pipe 42 of the injector extending into the conduit 32 of the pre-vaporization rod and opens into the ci beyond the orifice or orifices 35 arranged in its wall, to avoid any risk of injection or leakage of fuel out of the cane. Finally, the combustion assembly 1 further comprises a sealing ring 50, adapted to seal the combustion chamber 20 5 at the opening for crossing the pre-vaporization rod in the chamber. For this, the sealing ring 50 is disposed between an edge 140 of the opening 14 and the tubular wall 31 of the rod. Advantageously, the ring seals the wall 12, while allowing it to deform by thermal expansion during operation of the turbomachine. Several embodiments known to those skilled in the art can be adopted for the sealing ring, as shown in Figures 2a to 2c and 3. Thus, for example, the sealing ring can be attached to the wall 12 of the chamber and the pre-vaporization rod may comprise a spring plate 15 shown in Figure 2c, which is deformed against the ring 50. According to the preferred embodiment shown in Figure 3, the pre-vaporization rod is mounted rotulante on the ring sealing, so as to be pivotable against said ring during a thermal expansion of the chamber. To do this, the sealing ring 50 comprises an annular plate 51 extending around the wall 31 of the pre-vaporization rod, from which two parallel flanges 52 extend between which the outer wall 12 of the chamber is positioned. . The ring 50 is mounted with a radial and axial clearance with respect to the axis of revolution of the combustion chamber. In addition, the wall 31 of the pre-vaporization rod comprises, facing said annular plate 51, a circumferential bead 310 which has a rounded outer surface to bear on the plate 51 on a circular line. It has thus been proposed a combustion assembly assembly that allows easy access to the pre-vaporization rods, while maintaining the mechanical properties of the housing and the tightness of the combustion chamber, including taking into account the high thermal stresses. to which it is exposed.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Turbomachine combustion assembly (1), comprising: - a casing (20), - a fuel combustion chamber (10) disposed in the casing (20), the combustion chamber comprising two walls of revolution respectively internal (11). ) and outer (12) extending one inside the other and being connected by a bottom wall of chamber (13), and - at least one pre-vaporization rod (30), extending into the combustion chamber, the assembly being characterized in that the pre-vaporization rod (30) is mounted on the housing (20) and enters the combustion chamber through an opening (14) formed in the outer wall of it.
    [0002]
    2. Combustion assembly (1) according to claim 1, wherein the pre-vaporization rod (30) is mounted on the housing (20) removably.
    [0003]
    3. Combustion assembly (1) according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the housing (20) comprises a ferrule (22) provided with an opening (24) facing the opening (14) of the outer wall (12) of the combustion chamber (10), and a tubular boss (23) attached to said ferrule around the opening (24), and wherein the pre-vaporization rod (30) is attached to the boss and extends through the opening (24) of the shell (22) of the housing.
    [0004]
    4. Combustion assembly (1) according to claim 3, further comprising a fuel injector (40) opening into the pre-vaporization rod (30), and wherein the pre-vaporization rod comprises a base (34) attached to the boss (23), and the fuel injector (40) comprises a plate (41) attached to the base (34) of the pre-vaporization rod, and an injection pipe (42) extending in the rod (30). .
    [0005]
    5. Combustion assembly (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the pre-vaporization rod (30) comprises a wall (31) extending between lavirole of the housing (22) and the outer wall (12) of the combustion chamber, said wall (31) of the rod (30) comprising at least one orifice (35) for admission of air.
    [0006]
    Combustion assembly (1) according to claim 5 in combination with claim 4, wherein the injection conduit (42) of the injector extends into the pre-vaporization rod (30) beyond the one or more air intake ports (35) to prevent injection of fuel out of the cane.
    [0007]
    7. Combustion assembly (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the pre-vaporization rod (30) opens into the combustion chamber (10) by at least one end (33) directed towards the bottom wall of the chamber (13).
    [0008]
    8. Combustion assembly (1) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a sealing ring (50) disposed between the pre-vaporization rod (30) and an edge (140) of the opening (14). the wall (12) of the combustion chamber, the ring (50) being adapted to seal the combustion chamber at said opening.
    [0009]
    9. Combustion assembly (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the sealing ring (50) is mounted with clearance on the wall (12) of the external combustion chamber, and comprises an annular plate (51) s' extending around the pre-vaporization rod (30), the pre-vaporization rod being rotatably mounted on said annular plate (51).
    [0010]
    10. Turbomachine (T), comprising a combustion assembly (1) according to one of the preceding claims.
    类似技术:
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    FR3096761A1|2020-12-04|Pre-spray cane, combustion assembly fitted with it and turbomachine fitted with it
    WO2019166745A1|2019-09-06|Combustion chamber having a double chamber bottom
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3013805B1|2018-01-26|
    WO2015079166A1|2015-06-04|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US2792058A|1952-04-17|1957-05-14|Shell Dev|Vaporising oil burner and method of vaporising and burning heavy fuel|
    DE955465C|1954-09-01|1957-01-03|Daimler Benz Ag|Fuel evaporator for combustion chambers, especially of gas turbines|
    EP0445652A1|1990-03-05|1991-09-11|Rolf Jan Mowill|Low emissions gas turbine combustor|
    US20020083714A1|2000-11-01|2002-07-04|Daniel Bakholdin|Liquid fuel combustion system and method|FR3066009A1|2017-05-02|2018-11-09|Safran Helicopter Engines|PREVAPORIZATION ROD FOR A TURBOMACHINE|
    WO2019001996A1|2017-06-27|2019-01-03|Safran Helicopter Engines|Flat-jet fuel injector for an aircraft turbine engine|
    FR3087250A1|2018-10-11|2020-04-17|Safran Helicopter Engines|MONOBLOCK FLAT JET FUEL INJECTOR FOR AN AIRCRAFT TURBOMACHINE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF|
    WO2021014074A1|2019-07-24|2021-01-28|Safran Helicopter Engines|Fuel injector with a purge circuit for an aircraft turbine engine|
    FR3101696A1|2019-10-08|2021-04-09|Safran Helicopter Engines|PREVAPORIZATION ROD FOR A TURBOMACHINE COMBUSTION CHAMBER|
    FR3067792B1|2017-06-16|2021-05-21|Safran Helicopter Engines|FLAT JET FUEL INJECTOR FOR AN AIRCRAFT TURBOMACHINE AND ITS MANUFACTURING PROCESS|
    FR3096761A1|2019-05-28|2020-12-04|Safran Helicopter Engines|Pre-spray cane, combustion assembly fitted with it and turbomachine fitted with it|
    法律状态:
    2015-11-10| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2016-11-10| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2017-09-01| CD| Change of name or company name|Owner name: SAFRAN HELICOPTER ENGINES, FR Effective date: 20170727 |
    2017-10-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2018-10-24| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2019-10-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2020-10-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    2021-10-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 9 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1361653A|FR3013805B1|2013-11-26|2013-11-26|COMBUSTION ASSEMBLY WITH ACCESS FACILITATES PREVAPORIZATION RODS.|
    FR1361653|2013-11-26|FR1361653A| FR3013805B1|2013-11-26|2013-11-26|COMBUSTION ASSEMBLY WITH ACCESS FACILITATES PREVAPORIZATION RODS.|
    PCT/FR2014/053043| WO2015079166A1|2013-11-26|2014-11-26|Combustion assembly having facilitated access to the prevaporization tubes|
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